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phenology

839 articles

Phenology is the study of recurring biological events in plant life cycles—such as flowering, fruiting, and germination—and how these events are timed in response to seasonal and climatic conditions. This research is essential to plant science because phenological patterns directly influence reproduction, ecosystem interactions, and the critical timing between plants and their pollinators and seed dispersers. Understanding phenology is vital for predicting how plants will respond to environmental changes and climate variability.

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climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Warming killed underground fungi and pushed meadows toward shrublands

Mountain meadows and wildflower-rich grasslands many people hike through and depend on for clean ...

pollinators
PubMed → · research article

High temporal resolution pollen analysis: New insights into current...

The wildflowers you're encouraging along your fence line or garden edge may already be carrying p...

bioRxiv → · preprint

Sensitive plants send electrical signals ten times faster than thought

It suggests plants are far more electrically 'wired' than we imagined — meaning the garden plants...

plant-signaling
climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Mosses feed nitrogen-hungry tundra plants by harvesting it from air

It shows that the humble mosses you see blanketing forest floors and tundra are quietly working a...

PubMed → · research article

Sweet Potato Gene Clusters Control Anthocyanin Biosynthesis and Lea...

Understanding exactly which genes control color and shape in sweet potato could help breeders dev...

pollinators
Europe PMC → · research article

Heat quietly breaks flower-bee teamwork even when timing stays synced

The bees buzzing around your garden beds this spring could still show up right on schedule with y...

epigenetics
PubMed → · research article

The epigenetic set-point: metabolic and redox gating of development...

The vegetables in your garden already use this hidden molecular memory system to decide when to f...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Arctic plants are blooming closer together, squeezing wildlife food...

The staggered bloom schedule that feeds Arctic insects, nesting shorebirds, and grazing caribou a...

iNaturalist → · observation

Milkweed is blooming now and monarchs are counting on every patch

Common milkweed blooming in your yard right now is monarch butterfly habitat, and every patch you...

pollinators
Europe PMC → · research article

Heat waves leave bumblebees unable to find flowers by scent

Every summer vegetable and fruit in your garden depends on pollinators finding flowers, and heat ...

pollinators
Europe PMC → · research article

Pollinators pick sun or shade strategically, and that choice shapes...

Adding a patch of shade plants or a sun-trap shrub to your garden may do more for bees and butter...

invasive-species
PubMed → · research article

Climate mediates phenological and phylogenetic differentiation in p...

Invasive plants showing up earlier each spring in your garden or local nature trail aren't just a...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Phenological shifts keep pace with climate change but are slowing d...

If you track the first blooms of spring wildflowers on your regular hikes, you may already be wit...

invasive-species
PubMed → · research article

Native shrubs senesce earlier and faster than non-native shrubs in ...

Invasive shrubs lining your local woodland trail are quietly stealing autumn sunlight from native...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Warming effects on floral volatile organic compounds and plant-poll...

Flowers in your garden, the fruit trees at your local farm, and the wildflowers in your park all ...

soil-health
PubMed → · research article

Insect herbivory reshapes rhizosphere bacterial and fungal networks...

The caterpillars or aphids chewing on your tomatoes and roses are secretly rewiring the microbial...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Two decades of resurrection studies: What have we learned about con...

The wildflowers blooming earlier each spring in your local meadow aren't just reacting to warmer ...

Europe PMC → · research article

Honeybee pollination enhances pollen germination, pollen tube growt...

Letting honeybees work your pear tree rather than hand-pollinating isn't just easier — the bees t...

pollinators
Europe PMC → · research article

Herbaria unlock tripartite pollination responses to anthropogenic change.

The wild bees visiting your garden flowers are also delivering yeasts and bacteria that alter the...

PubMed → · research article

Cis-regulatory architecture downstream of FLOWERING LOCUS T underli...

Understanding exactly how plants decide when to flower could help breeders develop crops that blo...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Ecological Adaptation Mechanisms Underlying Successful Plant Reproduction.

Every tomato, apple, and grain of wheat on your plate depends on a plant successfully reading its...

PubMed → · research article

Warming springs push female katsura trees to sync with males

The katsura tree lining your local botanical garden or arboretum blooms in a narrow window each s...

iNaturalist → · observation

Common milkweed blooming across eastern North America in record numbers

Milkweed in your yard or neighborhood right now is the only plant monarch butterfly caterpillars ...

PubMed → · research article

Optimizing wheat development to a range of winter climates.

The bread, pasta, and cereals on your grocery store shelves depend on wheat farmers being able to...

plant-signaling
PubMed → · research article

Conserved regulatory core and lineage-specific diversification of l...

The vegetables and wildflowers in your garden time their sprouting and flowering by reading both ...

pollinators
PubMed → · research article

First direct quantification of floral handling costs in bees.

Every tomato, blueberry, or eggplant you grow that needs 'shaking' to release pollen depends on b...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Phenological mismatches between larks and grasshoppers induced by c...

The meadow grasses and wildflowers in nature reserves near you depend on birds arriving at exactl...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: Virginia strawberry (Fragaria virginiana) — 441 observati...

Wild strawberry patches threading through your lawn or meadow edge aren't weeds — they're a groun...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Wild blueberries now ripen a week earlier than a century ago

If you forage lowbush blueberries or watch birds and other wildlife feed on them, the window for ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Ohio pawpaw trees kept fruiting into January for the first time on record

If warming winters start shifting when native fruit trees like pawpaws ripen, backyard gardeners ...

seed-saving
PubMed → · research article

High-resolution distribution map of apple orchards in China based o...

China grows more apples than any other country, and knowing exactly where those orchards are help...

circadian-rhythms
PubMed → · research article

Early birds and night owls: natural variation of circadian traits i...

The weeds taking over your garden, the wildflowers creeping into new climate zones, and the crops...

PubMed → · research article

TaGα knockout in wheat causes early heading and short organ length,...

The wheat in your bread and pasta may soon be bred to flower earlier or produce more uniform grai...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Pressed museum plants reveal how flowering seasons have shifted ove...

The lilac blooming two weeks earlier than your grandparents noted, the autumn leaves holding on l...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) — 345 observations this week

Chokecherry thickets along roadsides and forest edges are ripening right now, and the dark astrin...

PubMed → · research article

Carbohydrate reserve partitioning and reproductive decline followin...

Every time you prune a mango hard or a storm strips its canopy at the wrong moment, the tree may ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) — 481 observations this week

Chokecherry thickets lining roadsides and forest edges right now are loaded with clusters of tart...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: Virginia strawberry (Fragaria virginiana) — 374 observati...

Virginia strawberry is fruiting in yards, meadows, and trail edges right now — and the tiny red b...

native-plants
phenology
climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

The CO2 and humidity senses of insects in a changing world.

Bees, butterflies, and other insects that pollinate your garden rely on CO2 and humidity cues to ...

plant-signaling
PubMed → · research article

Mineral nutrients as regulators of plant flowering time: A molecula...

How much fertilizer you use — and when — can quietly shift your tomatoes, beans, or dahlias into ...

PubMed → · research article

Climate change impacts on the life-cycle phenology of rice planthop...

Rice paddies across East Asia are losing a natural buffer that once slowed pest cycles — and that...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: common yarrow (Achillea millefolium) — 1044 observations ...

Yarrow blooming in your yard or along your fence line is a free pollinator buffet — its flat-topp...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis) — 411 observations ...

Wild sarsaparilla carpeting the forest floor right now is one of the clearest phenological marker...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) — 393 observations this week

Chokecherry thickets along your local trail edges are producing clusters of dark red fruit right ...

crop-improvement
PubMed → · research article

Advancing plant DNA barcoding: integrating chloroplast genome seque...

Better plant identification tools mean the herbal supplement or medicinal tea you buy is more lik...

PubMed → · research article

Morphological and phenological matching shape functional heteranthery.

If you grow crape myrtles and wonder why big bumblebee-sized carpenter bees seem to 'fit' the flo...

PubMed → · research article

Long-term demography and spatial genetic structure reveal mechanism...

That sassafras thicket at the edge of the woods you walk past — the one that smells like root bee...

iNaturalist → · observation

Dwarf pawpaw (Asimina pygmaea) observed in Cedar Key Scrub State Re...

Dwarf pawpaw is one of the few native fruit-bearing shrubs adapted to Florida's harsh, sandy scru...

native-plants
climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Seeds remember past warmth more than the warmth they sprout in

If you're growing alpine or rock-garden species from seed, this explains why identical sowing con...

PubMed → · research article

In perennial Arabis alpina, CONSTANS and FLOWERING LOCUS T have com...

Understanding how perennial plants decide when to flower — and why some branches bloom while othe...

urban-ecology
PubMed → · research article

Restorative effects of plant landscapes under different weather and...

The flowering shrubs and trees you choose for your garden aren't just pretty — their bloom timing...

PubMed → · research article

Spatiotemporal evolution of climatic resources and their impacts on...

Rice paddies in eastern China are quietly reorganizing themselves around a climate that no longer...

postharvest-quality

Optimal storage temperature for fresh fruits: physiological respons...

That basket of peaches or figs you just picked from your backyard tree has a clock ticking inside...

urban-ecology
Europe PMC → · research article

Bright flowers energize you, pale ones calm you down

Picking flower colours for your beds isn't just about looks; it's a way to actually tune the mood...

Effect of Day Length on Growth, Flowering, and Yield of Three Straw...

Growing strawberries in a warm climate is notoriously tricky, but a 12-hour LED lighting schedule...

PubMed → · research article

Population optimization and solar-thermal allocation were key drive...

Wheat in your bread increasingly faces climate disruptions at planting time, and this research sh...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: tufted vetch (Vicia cracca) — 367 observations this week

Tufted vetch scrambling through your hedgerows or meadow edges is actively fixing nitrogen into t...

pollinators
PubMed → · research article

A single hot afternoon quietly steals bumblebees' ability to father...

Every tomato, squash, and berry in your garden depends on bumblebees completing their life cycle,...

PubMed → · research article

Bloom timing shapes how a bumblebee gut parasite spreads between flowers

The wild bergamot blooming in your pollinator garden isn't just pretty - when it peaks relative t...

invasive-species
PubMed → · research article

Invasive shrubs drain Brazil's palm swamps dry during drought

Palm swamps like the Veredas of central Brazil anchor the dry-season water table that feeds strea...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Nitrogen and water shifts push forest leaf timing in opposite directions

The maples and oaks you watch change color each fall may shift their timing by weeks as nitrogen ...

PubMed → · research article

Warming boosts acorn crops in Maine but not New York, timing explains why

The acorns dropping in your neighborhood woods each fall are part of a chain reaction that reache...

soil-health
PubMed → · research article

Seasonality of composition, genomic potential and activity of conif...

The invisible microbes packed into forest soil — right under pine and spruce trees — are quietly ...

iNaturalist → · observation

The "weed" in your lawn is quietly feeding thousands of bumblebees

Selfheal is almost certainly already growing in your lawn or garden path and most people pull it ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Yarrow's 1,100 sightings this week mark peak pollinator season

Yarrow blooming in your yard or along roadsides right now is a reliable signal that summer pollin...

iNaturalist → · observation

Black-eyed Susans are at peak bloom and feeding pollinators now

Black-eyed Susans blooming in your yard or along a roadside right now are feeding the specialist ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Tufted vetch fixes free nitrogen from air wherever it scrambles

Tufted vetch scrambling through your meadow or roadside verge is quietly pulling nitrogen from th...

iNaturalist → · observation

Black-eyed Susan peaks with 1,000 sightings logged in one week

Black-eyed Susan blooming at this scale signals that your local meadow or sunny border is enterin...

iNaturalist → · observation

Yarrow blooms draw hundreds of citizen scientists into the field

Common yarrow growing along your fence line or in a neglected corner of your yard is actively bei...

plant-sensing
PubMed → · research article

Continuous monitoring of plant water potential: sensor-based approa...

Knowing exactly when the tomatoes in your garden or the trees on your street are dangerously thir...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: red trillium (Trillium erectum) — 546 observations this week

Red trillium blooming in your local forest is one of spring's most precise ecological clocks — if...

pollinators
PubMed → · research article

Wild bees stick to the same pollen diet every year

The mix of flowers you plant determines which bees can actually get the protein and fat they need...

PubMed → · research article

Phenological growth phases of dwarf apple trees: coding and descrip...

Knowing exactly when your apple tree is budding, flowering, or setting fruit lets you time your w...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Endodormancyintensity-an unrecognised bud dormancy trait.

Knowing how stubbornly your apple tree's or lilac's buds resist breaking in a warm February spell...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: red trillium (Trillium erectum) — 381 observations this week

Red trillium blooming in your local woods is one of spring's most reliable phenological clocks — ...

PubMed → · research article

Old Lineage, New Insights: Phenology, pollination and reproductive ...

If you've watched hummingbirds work a garden and wondered which wild plants depend on them most d...

PubMed → · research article

Pathogen community assembly in a host population is associated with...

The mix of fungal diseases hitting your lawn or meadow grasses each summer is largely shaped by t...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) — 506 observations this week

Chokecherry thickets along roadsides and woodland edges are prime spots to watch for tiger swallo...

PubMed → · research article

A global bioregionalisation for orchids.

If you've ever tried to grow an orchid and watched it sulk, knowing it evolved in a distinct clim...

PubMed → · research article

Age-dependent MADS-box factors recruit PtTFL2 to orchestrate dorman...

Ancient pines in your local park have spent decades — sometimes centuries — learning not to be fo...

pollinators
PubMed → · research article

Night shift pollinators make plant networks tougher than we thought

The moths and other night visitors working your garden after dark aren't a separate cast of chara...

plant-signaling

Temperature signals drive grass secondary cell wall thickening

The lawn grass browning and stiffening you notice each fall isn't just drying out — it's the plan...

iNaturalist → · observation

That sneezing spike? Ragweed is blooming everywhere right now

If your allergies flare every August, the weedy plant crowding your sidewalk cracks and vacant lo...

PubMed → · research article

Passionflower's citrus perfume vanishes 90% by mid-morning

If you've ever wondered why some flowers smell strongest at certain times of day, this passionflo...

urban-ecology
PubMed → · research article

Cities with anti-light-pollution laws are protecting tree seasonal cycles

If you've noticed a street tree near a bright parking lot or streetlight holding its leaves weeks...

PubMed → · research article

A non-coding SNP in ELF3 alters ELF3β expression and confers adapta...

Thale cress — the tiny white-flowered weed threading through sidewalk cracks — carries clock gene...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Plant functional groups modulate variation and covariation in leaf ...

The wildflowers and grasses in your nearest meadow or prairie are quietly running very different ...

PubMed → · research article

Maize yields crash past a hidden dryness tipping point

The corn in your summer garden bed doesn't fail gradually as the air dries out; it holds on fine ...

mycorrhizal-networks
iNaturalist → · observation

Ghost-white forest plant is popping up everywhere this week

If you spot a cluster of waxy white stalks in the deep shade of your local woods, it's not a fung...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Drought influence on carbon assimilation and water use efficiency i...

The scrubby hillside shrubs and wild meadows baking under summer sun are silently absorbing month...

pollinators
Europe PMC → · research article

Rare alpine flowers survive by sharing pollinators with common look-alikes

That uncommon wildflower you spot on a mountain hike may only persist because it evolved flowers ...

pollinators
Europe PMC → · research article

Where flowers grow shapes which pollinators find them

The scattered layout of flowers in your garden, not just the flower type, influences which bees a...

seed-saving

Weed family and life cycle predict how long seeds stay dormant

The stubborn weed seeds that keep resprouting in your garden despite years of pulling aren't bein...

PubMed → · research article

Evolutionary and environmental drivers of dry-season deciduousness ...

Mimosa shrubs you might spot along roadsides or in dry gardens — those feathery-leaved plants tha...

PubMed → · research article

Improving genomic prediction in wheat with random regression models...

Faster breeding of heat- and drought-tolerant wheat means the loaves, pasta, and flatbreads that ...

PubMed → · research article

Association of Qualitative Characters With Agronomic Traits, and Th...

If you grow lentils, the fuzziness of the leaves and the color of the seeds are not just decorati...

iNaturalist → · observation

American basketflower (Plectocephalus americanus) observed in Kelle...

American basketflower draws native bees and butterflies to North Texas roadsides and meadows — sp...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

white baneberry (Actaea pachypoda) observed in Mississauga

White baneberry's striking white berries on red stalks are a late-summer highlight in shaded nati...

bioRxiv → · preprint

Extending the seasons at both ends? Understanding the physiological...

Wheat fields that stay green longer through summer heat are one of the quieter frontiers in keepi...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

That waxy white plant in your woods is trending on iNaturalist

If you've ever spotted a ghostly white stalk poking up through dark forest leaf litter and wonder...

Newly found bugs and fungi could help fight stone fruit disease

If you grow cherries, peaches, or other stone fruit, the leafhoppers quietly feeding on your tree...

iNaturalist → · observation

wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) observed in Franklin County, KY, USA

Wild bergamot is one of the best native plants you can add to a sunny garden border — it blooms m...

iNaturalist → · observation

sugarstick (Allotropa virgata) observed in San Juan County, WA, USA

Sugarstick is a rare, fascinating plant that depends entirely on healthy old-growth forest fungal...

iNaturalist → · observation

stinknet (Oncosiphon pilulifer) observed in Red Rock Canyon State P...

Stinknet is aggressively invading California's desert parks and wild spaces — the same places you...

plant-genetics
bioRxiv → · preprint

Newly arisen indel governs a leaf shape polymorphism in the Ivy Lea...

That scraggly morning glory vine climbing your fence with the unusual lobed leaves isn't just pre...

plant-signaling
PubMed → · research article

Origin and diversity of leaf vein patterns.

Every leaf you press from your garden, every fern frond you spot on a woodland walk, carries a ve...

plant-signaling
PubMed → · research article

Cold mountain trees may stop growing due to hormones, not hunger

Next time you hike above the treeline and see stunted, wind-bent trees, you're looking at a plant...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: Osoberry (Oemleria cerasiformis) — 135 observations this week

Osoberry is a bellwether of spring — if you live in the Pacific Northwest, seeing it bloom means ...

PubMed → · research article

Early Flowering (ELF) Gene Integrates Vegetative Growth, Flowering ...

Gardeners who've wrestled with crops that bolt too early or fruit trees that refuse to set seed a...

PubMed → · research article

GmENDO-like 1, a structurally divergent homolog of S1/P1-type endon...

Soybean breeders now have a precise genetic dial for controlling flowering time — the same kind o...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) — 1427 observations this week

Mayapple's spring bloom is a reliable sign that your local forest is waking up, and tracking its ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Invasive buckthorn shrub is spiking in nature sightings this week

That dense thicket of dark green shrubs crowding the edge of your local woods or trail might be c...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) — 1802 observations this week

Mayapple is likely carpeting the forest floor of any wooded park or trail near you right now — an...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Rain timing, not warmth, drives California wildflower bloom cycles

Native wildflowers in California's hills bloom on rain's schedule, not the calendar's, and this s...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Tropical trees shed leaves on internal rhythms, not to capture more...

Tropical rainforests you might picture as lush and evergreen actually shed and flush leaves on se...

phenology
Europe PMC → · research article

Response of vegetation phenology to hydrothermal variables on the Q...

Shifting growing seasons on the Tibetan Plateau ripple downstream into the water and carbon cycle...

PubMed → · research article

A single gene switch controls when soybeans decide to flower

Soybeans are notoriously fussy about day length, which limits where farmers can grow them; unlock...

iNaturalist → · observation

Common milkweed confirmed growing near Ottawa's Lac des Chats

Milkweed is the only plant monarch caterpillars can eat, so knowing where it grows naturally poin...

iNaturalist → · observation

Tufted vetch blooms draw hundreds of citizen-science observers this week

The dense purple flower clusters of tufted vetch attract bumblebees specifically, and spotting it...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) — 2390 observations this week

Mayapple carpets the forest floor of nearly every eastern North American woodland in spring, and ...

PubMed → · research article

Wild plants near farms may fuel a major fruit pest

If you grow blueberries, raspberries, or other soft fruit, the wild brambles and berries along yo...

PubMed → · research article

Unstable winters are quietly killing young boreal forest trees

If you've ever planted a young conifer or shrub and watched it struggle to leaf out after a stran...

iNaturalist → · observation

Wild bergamot is blooming everywhere and pollinators are noticing

If you've got a patch of dry, sunny ground you don't know what to do with, wild bergamot fills it...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Ghost pipe sightings are surging in forests across the country

That waxy white stalk poking through the leaf litter on your next forest walk isn't a fungus or a...

iNaturalist → · observation

Milkweed sightings are spiking as bloom season peaks

The milkweed patch you've been letting grow wild in the back corner of your yard is exactly what ...

Europe PMC → · research article

This flower blasts citrus scent only at dawn for bees

If you've ever wondered why some flowers in your garden seem fragrant one moment and scentless th...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Plant family history shapes how they store sugar reserves

The mix of trees in your backyard, whether it's an old oak line or a stand of younger maples, car...

seed-saving
iNaturalist → · observation

Wild bergamot is blooming everywhere right now, and people are noticing

If you've got bees, hummingbirds, or swallowtails visiting your yard this week, wild bergamot's l...

Plant genes trade freeze protection for faster spring regrowth

Gardeners who've watched perennials struggle after a late-spring freeze followed by another cold ...

pollinators
Europe PMC → · research article

Ecological change may be a common initiator of evolutionary pollina...

Every time a gardener notices that bees have stopped visiting a plant that once buzzed with them,...

PubMed → · research article

Beech trees can adjust leaf timing but not frost tolerance

The beech trees shading your local forest trail are genetically flexible about when they leaf out...

iNaturalist → · observation

wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) observed in Tennessee, US

Wild bergamot growing in Tennessee roadsides and meadows is a magnet for native bees, hummingbird...

iNaturalist → · observation

Bee-loved native wildflower is popping up everywhere right now

If you've got a patch of purple, shaggy-flowered blooms buzzing with bees and hummingbird moths a...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fireweed sightings are surging across the country right now

If you've hiked a burned-over hillside or a recent clear-cut this summer, that tall spike of pink...

PubMed → · research article

Corn's internal clock shapes which bacteria live on its leaves

Every leaf in your garden hosts an invisible community of bacteria, and this study shows the plan...

iNaturalist → · observation

common reed (Phragmites australis) observed in Mulmur, ON, CA

Common reed can take over the wet edges of trails, ponds, and storm ditches near your neighborhoo...

iNaturalist → · observation

eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis) observed in Westover Rd, Shippen...

Eastern redbud is one of the earliest native trees to bloom each spring, offering a burst of mage...

iNaturalist → · observation

white oak (Quercus alba) observed in Loves Park, IL, US

White oaks in your region support over 500 species of caterpillars and moths, making a single mat...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) observed in Chatmoss, VA, USA

Common milkweed growing in Chatmoss means monarch butterflies have a potential breeding and necta...

PubMed → · research article

Weeds struggle most when they resemble their crop competitor

The broadleaf weeds choking out your soybean patch aren't losing by accident: they're being crowd...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Trees are rewriting their growth rules as climate shifts

The trees shading your street or backing your yard are quietly adjusting their leaf-out timing an...

iNaturalist → · observation

Gardeners are spotting monarch-friendly milkweed everywhere this week

If you've got a patch of common milkweed in your yard or spot its pink flower clusters on a walk,...

Warming climate is shrinking the growing season for wine grapes

If you've noticed local fruit trees blossoming and ripening earlier each year, this research show...

iNaturalist → · observation

This native vine's edible tubers are having a moment

The tangled vine climbing fence lines near wetlands and stream banks this time of year might be A...

iNaturalist → · observation

This white wildflower is blooming everywhere right now

If you spot clusters of small white daisy-like flowers along woodland edges or damp meadows this ...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Dry forest shrublands respond very differently to rain shortages

If you garden with drought-tolerant natives, this shows that even closely related shrubland types...

seed-saving
PubMed → · research article

Pruning cypress trees short raises inbreeding risk in seed orchards

If you've ever wondered why nursery-grown trees can seem genetically uniform, this shows how a co...

pollinators
PubMed → · research article

Tomato gene found that keeps leaves green in darkness

If you've ever wondered why some houseplants yellow fast in low light while others hang on, this ...

phenology
iNaturalist → · observation

Gardeners are spotting monarch's favorite plant everywhere this week

If you've got milkweed in your yard or spot it on a walk, you're looking at the only plant monarc...

climate-adaptation
seed-saving
PubMed → · research article

New open database captures seed traits from tropical forests worldwide

If you've ever wondered why a rainforest seedling behaves so differently from an oak sapling, thi...

iNaturalist → · observation

This invasive purple wetland plant is spreading fast right now

If you walk near a marsh, pond edge, or ditch this month, you're likely to spot tall spikes of ma...

pollinators
PubMed → · research article

Vertical stratification and seasonality of fruit-feeding butterfly ...

Fruit-bearing trees in dry forests depend on butterflies to signal ecosystem health — when canopy...

These two garden weeds germinate in opposite conditions, oddly enough

If you've ever wondered why some weeds vanish after you till the soil while others pop right back...

plant-signaling
PubMed → · research article

How plants feel heat and grow taller because of it

The way your tomato seedlings stretch and get leggy during a heat wave, or how spring bulbs push ...

PubMed → · research article

How flowers time pollen release down to the hour

The bees and other pollinators visiting your garden depend on flowers opening their pollen sacs a...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Recovering mined forests can out-produce old growth in food for wildlife

If you've ever wondered whether a replanted woodlot or reclaimed lot can really support birds and...

iNaturalist → · observation

Jewelweed sightings are surging across nature apps this week

The orange, spurred flowers popping up along your creek or shady trail edge right now are jewelwe...

iNaturalist → · observation

Pokeweed sightings are spiking across the country this week

That tall plant with the dark purple berries popping up along fences and disturbed soil in your n...

iNaturalist → · observation

Ragweed sightings are spiking, and so is pollen season

That itchy-eyed, sneezy feeling on your evening walk is probably ragweed, and this surge in sight...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fireweed sightings are spiking on nature apps this week

The tall pink spikes popping up along trails, roadsides, and recently burned or disturbed ground ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Chokecherry sightings spike as this native shrub fruits nationwide

The dark red clusters ripening on chokecherry shrubs along trails and fencerows right now are edi...

pollinators
Europe PMC → · research article

Plant family trees reveal ancient climate's fingerprint on pollinators

The bumblebees buzzing your garden squash and the moths visiting your evening primrose evolved th...

How plants read daylight length to decide when to flower

The zucchini that suddenly blooms in June or the mums that only flower as days shorten in fall ar...

Rust disease alerts help Ethiopian wheat farmers spray at better times

If you've ever watched orange-brown streaks creep up a plant leaf and wondered whether to spray n...

Wheat's faint photosynthesis glow reveals hidden ozone pollution damage

If you grow wheat or any leafy crop, ground-level ozone from traffic and industry can quietly cut...

climate-adaptation
phenology
PubMed → · research article

Congo swamp forests host fewer moths, with a backwards rainy season

The palms and hardwoods in your own garden shed leaves and grow on a seasonal rhythm shaped by wa...

iNaturalist → · observation

Jewelweed sightings are spiking across nature apps right now

The orange, spotted flowers popping up along your local creek or shady trail edge right now are j...

iNaturalist → · observation

Pokeweed sightings surge as foragers and naturalists take notice

That towering plant with the magenta stems and dark berries showing up along your fence line or r...

iNaturalist → · observation

This wetland fern is popping up everywhere right now

If you've got a damp, shady corner of the yard that nothing else will grow in, sensitive fern is ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Naturalists are spotting colt's-foot everywhere this week

The dandelion-lookalike popping up along your trail edges and disturbed soil is actually colt's-f...

PubMed → · research article

Disabling one potato gene delays both flowers and tubers

The potatoes on your dinner plate form underground tubers on a strict internal clock, and this st...

native-plants
PubMed → · research article

How temperature secretly controls plant cells' decision to divide

The stretchy, leggy growth your seedlings show on a hot windowsill or the stalled growth after a ...

PubMed → · research article

One protein family controls how fruit gets its color

The next time you watch a tomato turn red on the vine or an apple blush in the fall sun, a specif...

pollinators
PubMed → · research article

Women know pollinators best but rarely lead conservation efforts

The person who notices exactly when a squash blossom opens or when bees are working a hedgerow is...

PubMed → · research article

Winter moths don't genetically tune themselves to specific oak trees

The oak in your yard and its resident caterpillars might not be as finely matched as nature docum...

iNaturalist → · observation

Jewelweed sightings surge as this wetland wildflower hits peak bloom

If you've got a damp shady corner of your yard or walk near a creek, jewelweed's orange trumpet f...

iNaturalist → · observation

Pokeweed sightings surge as its berries ripen this week

The towering plant with magenta stalks and drooping purple-black berries popping up along your fe...

iNaturalist → · observation

Cardinal flower sightings surge as its red blooms peak

If you've got a damp, part-shady spot near a stream, pond edge, or rain garden, this tall red wil...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fireweed sightings are surging on nature-tracking apps right now

If you spot tall spikes of pink-purple flowers along a recently disturbed trail, roadside, or old...

iNaturalist → · observation

This fuzzy white wildflower is popping up everywhere right now

If you're hiking dry meadows or roadsides this week, pearly everlasting's papery white flower clu...

Desert shrub rewires its chemistry hour by hour to survive

Understanding how this tough desert shrub shifts its metabolism between scorching afternoons and ...

plant-signaling
PubMed → · research article

Light flips the switch that colors your plants red and purple

The deep purple on one side of an apple or the red blush on a lettuce leaf facing the sun isn't r...

plant-signaling
PubMed → · research article

One gene helps plants juggle flowering time and stress survival

The same internal clock gene that tells a plant when to bloom also decides whether it spends its ...

urban-ecology
PubMed → · research article

Turkish city districts scored for urban plant biodiversity health

The mix of native and non-native trees planted along your street corners and city parks directly ...

PubMed → · research article

Aging mugwort plants recruit busier microbial helpers in their soil

The wild mugwort growing along trails and roadsides is quietly running a soil nutrient factory th...

PubMed → · research article

AI drone fusion tracks rice growth stages with far fewer flights

If you've ever wondered how plant breeders keep tabs on thousands of individually-timed crop vari...

PubMed → · research article

This weed hides most of itself underground to survive

If you've ever tried to pull a stubborn weed only to have it return weeks later, this plant's str...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Even rainforests without dry seasons run on a yearly clock

If you've ever assumed tropical forests just do their own thing year-round with no rhyme or reaso...

iNaturalist → · observation

Jewelweed is having a big week in the wild

The orange, spotted flowers dangling along shady creek edges and roadside ditches right now are j...

iNaturalist → · observation

Pokeweed sightings surge on nature-tracking app this week

That towering purple-stemmed plant with the dark berries popping up along fences and disturbed so...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

A toxic native wildflower is surging in nature sightings

That white, fluffy wildflower blooming in the shady edges of your local woods or park right now c...

iNaturalist → · observation

This striking blue wildflower is blooming everywhere right now

If you've got a damp spot in your yard where nothing else thrives, this native perennial blooms e...

iNaturalist → · observation

Invasive wetland plant is surging in citizen science sightings

If you walk past a marsh, pond edge, or ditch this month, those tall spikes of purple flowers you...

iNaturalist → · observation

This fuzzy white wildflower is popping up everywhere right now

If you spot papery white flower clusters with yellow centers along a dry trail or roadside this w...

Cold storage quietly strips sweet cherries of their fresh flavor

The cherries that taste bland by the time they hit your fruit bowl aren't imagining it: this rese...

Timing pest sprays right could save citrus trees from deadly disease

If you grow a lemon, lime, or orange tree on your patio or in your yard, this tiny psyllid insect...

iNaturalist → · observation

blackroot (Pterocaulon pycnostachyum) observed in Hobe Sound

Blackroot thrives in the fire-maintained flatwoods and sandhills of Florida — spotting it in Hobe...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Wild black raspberry spotted along Vermont forest edges in Richford

Black raspberries ripen weeks before cultivated varieties, so spotting one in the wild tells you ...

PubMed → · research article

How plants use sunlight to set their internal clocks

Every time you notice your garden waking up at dawn or your houseplant leaves tracking the window...

PubMed → · research article

Plants deliberately switch on genes to age their own leaves

The yellowing leaves you see dropping from garden plants each fall aren't just wearing out, they'...

PubMed → · research article

These mites stop blackberries from ripening, but one variety resists

If you grow blackberries and have noticed hard, sour, red drupelets that never sweeten up at harv...

iNaturalist → · observation

This purple lawn weed is popping up in nature logs everywhere

That low, purple-flowered plant creeping through your lawn or the edge of the trail isn't just a ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Black-eyed Susans are blooming everywhere right now, data shows

If you've noticed bright yellow daisy-like flowers popping up along trails and roadsides lately, ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fireweed's pink blooms are lighting up nature apps right now

If you spot a tall spike of magenta flowers blooming from the bottom up along a trail, roadside, ...

iNaturalist → · observation

violet woodsorrel (Oxalis violacea) observed in Kentucky, US

Violet woodsorrel thriving in Kentucky meadows and open woodlands signals healthy native ground c...

PubMed → · research article

Birch bark hosts hidden microbe communities shaped by sun and pollution

Next time you walk past a birch tree, run your hand over the bark on its north side versus south ...

iNaturalist → · observation

This tiny purple flower is popping up in yards everywhere

That low, purple-flowered plant sneaking into your lawn between mowings isn't a weed to spray, it...

iNaturalist → · observation

This towering purple-berried native plant is having its moment

That waist-high plant with magenta stems and dark berries popping up along your fence line or in ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fireweed sightings are spiking on nature-tracking apps this week

If you spot tall spikes of magenta flowers along a trail or in a recently cleared area right now,...

iNaturalist → · observation

Common milkweed sightings surge as monarch season peaks

The tall, pink-flowered weed you might have yanked from a garden bed is the only plant monarch ca...

Plants fine-tune tiny RNA signals to track day length

The same molecular clock that tells this lab plant when to flower as days lengthen is quietly run...

plant-signaling
PubMed → · research article

The gene that builds flowers is older than flowers themselves

Every bloom in your garden owes its structure to a genetic switch that's been quietly repurposed ...

PubMed → · research article

Wheat pollen's hidden genetic switches could unlock hybrid breeding

The bread on your table depends on wheat that mostly pollinates itself, and this research maps th...

native-plants
PubMed → · research article

Rare Himalayan wild goats avoid competition by eating different plants

Knowing which of the 208 plant species each threatened animal depends on, and in which season, te...

PubMed → · research article

Wildflowers shorten their bloom time when pollinators visit more often

If you've noticed some blooms in your garden fade fast while others linger for days, pollinator v...

iNaturalist → · observation

This purple lawn weed is popping up everywhere right now

That low-growing patch of purple flowers dotting your lawn or the trail edge isn't just a weed to...

iNaturalist → · observation

This towering purple-berried weed is having a moment outdoors

The tall, magenta-stemmed plant with clusters of dark berries showing up in your alley, fence lin...

iNaturalist → · observation

Chokecherry sightings surge as its dark fruit ripens now

That scraggly shrub along the fence line or trail edge is chokecherry, and its clusters of dark r...

Drones can now count rice grain clusters more accurately

Farmers and agronomists tracking rice yield across large fields could soon get faster, more relia...

Bangladesh could grow fruit year-round with better storage and varieties

If you've ever wondered why mangoes flood the market for one month and vanish for the rest of the...

PubMed → · research article

Two sorghum pests split the plant into separate feeding turfs

If you grow sorghum or any grain crop, knowing that different aphid pests target young versus old...

PubMed → · research article

Spruce trees remember their embryonic temperature for over a decade

If you've ever wondered why two trees of the same species leaf out on different schedules in your...

PubMed → · research article

AI plus crop science predicts apple harvest dates more accurately

If you grow apple trees, knowing that chilling hours and elevation drive ripening timing more tha...

PubMed → · research article

Sixty years of weather data pinpoint wheat's safest planting window

Farmers trying to grow wheat in Brazil's tropical Cerrado face a maddening tradeoff: sow early an...

PubMed → · research article

Stressed plants make their own leaves and flowers less uniform

The next time you spot leaves of wildly different sizes on the same shaded, drought-stressed plan...

mycorrhizal-networks
iNaturalist → · observation

That ghostly white plant in the woods is having a moment

If you've ever spotted a waxy, all-white stalk poking through leaf litter and assumed it was a fu...

iNaturalist → · observation

This towering purple-berried plant is popping up everywhere right now

That tall plant with magenta stems and dark purple berry clusters at the edge of your yard or the...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fireweed sightings are spiking on nature-tracking apps right now

If you've hiked through a recently burned or logged area this summer, the tall spikes of magenta ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Chokecherry sightings surge as its fruit ripens this week

If you spot clusters of dark red-to-black berries on a shrubby tree along a trail or fence line t...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Navigating water stability and crop resilience in a changing climat...

Rice paddies and vegetable farms in monsoon-dependent regions like Korea — and eventually other s...

island-biogeography
phenology
PubMed → · research article

Carbon uptake, storage, and allocation patterns contribute to blurr...

Every tree ring in the old oak at the edge of your yard is a diary entry — but this research reve...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fairy-slipper (Calypso bulbosa) observed in Port Angeles

Fairy-slipper orchids are sensitive to soil disturbance and disappear quickly when forests are lo...

iNaturalist → · observation

wild potato vine (Ipomoea pandurata) observed in Cary

Wild potato vine's deep, starchy taproot — sometimes reaching 30 pounds — means it can survive dr...

iNaturalist → · observation

lesser celandine (Ficaria verna) observed in Mill Neck, NY, USA

Lesser celandine spreads aggressively in early spring before native wildflowers emerge, and once ...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

A link between increased temperature and avian body condition in a ...

Logged forests near your nature reserve or community woodland lose their ability to buffer heat e...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trending: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) — 170 observations this week

Alfalfa is a cornerstone of both agriculture and backyard ecosystems — it feeds livestock, fixes ...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Curlyheads (Clematis ochroleuca) observed in Warrenton

Confirmed sightings of rare native plants like Curlyheads help conservationists and local gardene...

iNaturalist → · observation

Sweet Woodruff (Galium odoratum) observed in Kitchener

Sweet Woodruff spreading through Kitchener's green spaces is worth knowing if you're planting a s...

iNaturalist → · observation

Edible blue roadside wildflower chicory found growing in Sharonville Ohio

Chicory growing along roadsides and open fields near you is edible root-to-leaf: the young leaves...

iNaturalist → · observation

Red osier dogwood spotted and verified in Prince Edward County

Red osier dogwood is one of the best native shrubs for wet, low-lying spots in your yard where li...

native-plants
native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Buttonbush spotted thriving in Charlottesville's Greenbrier neighborhood

Buttonbush is one of the best native shrubs you can plant near a wet spot or rain garden — its gl...

iNaturalist → · observation

Prickly cucumber vine spotted and confirmed in Portland, Maine

Prickly cucumber can scramble over shrubs and garden edges with surprising speed in a single seas...

citizen-science
iNaturalist → · observation

Intermediate bellflower spotted and verified in Emily township

Bellflowers are among the easiest native wildflowers to establish in a garden border, and communi...

native-plants
native-plants
native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

fireweed (Chamaenerion angustifolium) observed in Glace Bay, NS B1A...

Fireweed is one of the first plants to colonize disturbed ground — if you're restoring a bare pat...

iNaturalist → · observation

box elder (Acer negundo) observed in Western Ave, Green Bay, WI, US

Box elder is one of the few native trees that colonizes disturbed urban edges and floodplains whe...

iNaturalist → · observation

upright prairie coneflower (Ratibida columnifera) observed in Tusco...

Upright prairie coneflower thrives in the dry, rocky soils most gardeners curse — spotting it nat...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Sunlight and soil pH predict when tropical forests drop leaves

The same seasonal cues that trigger leaf drop in these tropical forests, shortening days and shif...

iNaturalist → · observation

fireweed (Chamaenerion angustifolium) observed in Denali Park, AK, USA

Fireweed is one of the first plants to reclaim burned or disturbed ground in Alaska's national pa...

pollinators
Europe PMC → · research article

Researchers weigh pollen grains to decode how pollination works

Every sneeze-inducing pollen cloud drifting through your yard in spring depends on grain weight a...

Gene activity mapped across yellow rose petal growth stages

The yellow roses lining garden beds and flower shops get their color from a genetic program that ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fragrant wetland shrub confirmed growing wild in coastal Alaska

If you hike boggy trails near Seward, that low evergreen shrub with curled, fuzzy-backed leaves a...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native lupine spotted thriving along a Vancouver, WA creek trail

If you walk or garden near Pacific Northwest waterways, this is the purple-flowered native that s...

iNaturalist → · observation

This weedy native wildflower is popping up everywhere right now

If you've spotted a tall, loosely branched plant with fuzzy white-tufted seed heads colonizing a ...

Pine tree genetics and needle fungi linked to disease resistance

If you've noticed browning, thinning pine needles on trees in your area, this research is part of...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Massive dataset maps when African farmers plant and harvest crops

If you've ever wondered how researchers track whether growing seasons are shifting with the clima...

iNaturalist → · observation

A scrappy native weed is popping up everywhere this week

If you've spotted a tall, ragged-leaved plant colonizing a construction site, burned patch, or ne...

citizen-science
PubMed → · research article

Wheat's timing stays steady, but yield swings with the weather

If you've ever wondered why homemade bread flour behaves differently batch to batch, it often tra...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native buckwheat spotted thriving on Bolsa Chica coastal trail

If you're restoring a native garden or hiking Southern California's coast, this tough, drought-pr...

iNaturalist → · observation

This weedy native plant is popping up everywhere right now

If you've spotted a tall, ragged-leaved plant with fuzzy seed heads colonizing a disturbed patch ...

soil-health
PubMed → · research article

AI reads satellite plant patterns to map hidden soil health

If you've ever wondered why one corner of a hillside garden thrives while a nearby patch stays st...

iNaturalist → · observation

Showy milkweed confirmed growing wild in Winthrop, Washington

Monarch butterflies depend entirely on milkweed to lay their eggs, so every verified sighting lik...

iNaturalist → · observation

Common yarrow is blooming everywhere right now, data shows

That feathery-leafed plant popping up along trails and in untended garden corners right now is co...

native-plants
forest-ecology
PubMed → · research article

Scientists build matching 3D laser maps of European forests

The next time you walk through a forest, know that scientists can now digitally recreate every tr...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Naturalist spots native turkey mullein thriving in southern Oregon

Turkey mullein is a magnet for native bees and was historically used by Indigenous communities to...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native orchid confirmed growing wild in North Carolina woods

This orchid hides in plain sight by growing its single leaf only in winter, so if you want to fin...

iNaturalist → · observation

mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) observed in St Clair Ave, Grosse Po...

Mayapple carpets woodland floors and produces a fruit edible when fully ripe — spotting it thrivi...

citizen-science
iNaturalist → · observation

partridgeberry (Mitchella repens) observed in Massachusetts, US

Partridgeberry is a charming native groundcover that thrives in shady woodland gardens, stays gre...

PubMed → · research article

Noni Franklin-Tong.

Same biological 'self-rejection' system that field poppies use to stay genetically diverse is rel...

iNaturalist → · observation

mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) observed in Long View, NC, US

Community-recorded sightings like this help scientists and conservationists track where native wi...

urban-ecology
citizen-science
iNaturalist → · observation

partridgeberry (Mitchella repens) observed in Massachusetts, US

Citizen science observations like this help track where native woodland plants like partridgeberr...

iNaturalist → · observation

roughleaf dogwood (Cornus drummondii) observed in Austin

Roughleaf dogwood is a tough, drought-tolerant native shrub that supports local wildlife with its...

iNaturalist → · observation

bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis) observed in Aurora, OH, US

Tracking where native wildflowers like bloodroot still grow helps gardeners, conservationists, an...

iNaturalist → · observation

bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis) observed in Greenville, OH, US

Every confirmed sighting of a native wildflower like bloodroot helps scientists and gardeners tra...

iNaturalist → · observation

Pinxter Flower (Rhododendron periclymenoides) observed in Millersvi...

Pinxter Flower is a native wild azalea that supports early pollinators like queen bumblebees just...

iNaturalist → · observation

Christmas holly from Europe is spreading wild in Portland forests

European holly has escaped garden cultivation and is spreading into wild areas around Portland, w...

citizen-science
iNaturalist → · observation

American trumpet vine spotted and verified in Chesapeake, Virginia

American trumpet vine's bright orange blooms are a magnet for ruby-throated hummingbirds, so spot...

iNaturalist → · observation

Heath speedwell spotted and verified in Michigan's Iron County

Heath speedwell creeping through a lawn or forest edge is easy to overlook, but spotting and logg...

iNaturalist → · observation

bluebead lily (Clintonia borealis) observed in Grand-Bouctouche, Ne...

Bluebead lily is a reliable indicator of healthy, undisturbed forest understory — spotting it in ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Herb Robert (Geranium robertianum) observed in Oregon, US

Herb Robert is quietly spreading through Pacific Northwest gardens and forest edges, and once est...

iNaturalist → · observation

white clover (Trifolium repens) observed in Murfreesboro, TN, USA

White clover spreading through your lawn is quietly fixing nitrogen from the air into the soil, d...

iNaturalist → · observation

ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata) observed in Brookfield

Ribwort plantain growing along roadsides and lawns in Brookfield is one of the most underapprecia...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native blue elderberry shrub confirmed growing in Oregon roadside habitat

If you're planting a native hedgerow or foraging patch in the Pacific Northwest, this sighting co...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native buckwheat spotted thriving along LA fire road

This scrubby shrub feeds more native bee and butterfly species than almost any other plant in Sou...

iNaturalist → · observation

Silvery native lupine spotted and verified in a California town

Silver Bush Lupine's velvety silver leaves and pea-like purple flowers make it a striking, low-wa...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Rare petal-less sunflower relative spotted growing in Oregon county

Spotting an uncommon native like this one helps map where drought-tolerant regional wildflowers s...

Timing water and fertilizer cutoffs boosts sugarcane sweetness

Anyone who has grown tomatoes or peppers knows that cutting back water at the right moment before...

iNaturalist → · observation

Showy purple aster confirmed growing wild in British Columbia's Car...

If you're hiking or gardening in BC's interior, this is a native late-summer bloomer that pollina...

iNaturalist → · observation

A distinctive native fern confirmed growing in a Hudson Valley park

If you hike Harriman State Park's woods, this fern's odd trick, growing fertile leaflets in the m...

iNaturalist → · observation

Trumpet vine spotted thriving on a Pittsburgh city street

If you've got a bare fence or trellis and want to pull in hummingbirds all summer, this vine's or...

iNaturalist → · observation

Spotted: a native orchid with snake-patterned leaves in the woods

The mottled, silvery-veined rosette hiding under the leaf litter on your next forest walk isn't a...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native bunchberry spotted thriving in Ontario provincial park

If you're hiking Ontario's Canadian Shield forests this summer, this low creeping groundcover wit...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native cup plant spotted thriving in a Wisconsin yard

If you're planting a pollinator patch, cup plant's water-catching leaf cups double as tiny bird b...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native red huckleberry spotted thriving near Oregon City forests

If you hike or garden in the Pacific Northwest, this shrub's berry-red fruit and knack for growin...

iNaturalist → · observation

Mediterranean Holm oak spotted and recorded in Davis, California

Holm oaks are drought-tolerant Mediterranean trees increasingly planted in California cities, and...

iNaturalist → · observation

White Globe Lily (Calochortus albus) observed in Tuolumne County, US-CA, US

White Globe Lily is a native California wildflower that supports local pollinators and represents...

iNaturalist → · observation

flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) observed in Alexandria

Research-grade iNaturalist observations like this one collectively help scientists track whether ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Pacific trillium (Trillium ovatum) observed in Washington, US

Community observations like this one help scientists track where native wildflowers are thriving ...

citizen-science
iNaturalist → · observation

mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) observed in Chipping Ct, Virginia B...

Mayapple is a native woodland wildflower that can signal the health of local ecosystems — spottin...

iNaturalist → · observation

sweetbay magnolia (Magnolia virginiana) observed in Knoxville

Sweetbay magnolia is a beautiful native tree you can actually grow in your own yard — it tolerate...

iNaturalist → · observation

mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) observed in East Lansing, MI, US

Mayapple patches in Midwest woodlands and shaded gardens signal a healthy, intact forest understo...

iNaturalist → · observation

mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) observed in Oxford Pl, Charlottesvi...

Mayapple patches like this one can quietly spread through your shaded garden beds each spring, of...

iNaturalist → · observation

white clover (Trifolium repens) observed in Knoxville, TN, US

White clover in your lawn or local park is a living fertilizer — its roots host bacteria that pul...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native chokecherry spotted thriving along Bend's Deschutes River Trail

Chokecherry feeds birds, bears, and pollinators all along river corridors, so spotting one on a p...

iNaturalist → · observation

Invasive butter-and-eggs plant spotted along Wisconsin roadside

This cheerful yellow flower spreads aggressively through underground roots and can crowd out nati...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Red-berried elder confirmed growing on an Anchorage street

Spotting native shrubs like red-berried elder growing wild on ordinary residential streets shows ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Colt's-foot spotted and confirmed growing in Kingston

This scrappy yellow-flowered plant pops up on disturbed ground and roadside edges well before mos...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native strawberry bush confirmed growing wild in South Carolina

If you're restoring a native woodland edge or shade garden, this shrub offers fall color and deer...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fragrant fern spotted thriving on Hawaii's rainy coastline

If you've ever brushed against a fern that smelled faintly musky or spicy, you may have met this ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native river oats grass spotted growing wild in Dallas

If you're landscaping a shady, dry spot in North Texas, this confirms river oats is already thriv...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native peppervine vine spotted thriving in Dallas wetland park

If you walk trails near creeks or wetlands in North Texas, this scrambling native vine with clust...

iNaturalist → · observation

Wild carrot spotted growing along a Vancouver, WA trail

The lacy white flower cluster you might walk past on a local trail is the wild ancestor of the ca...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native jewelweed confirmed growing wild in Vancouver, Washington

If you've got a damp, shady corner of your yard that nothing seems to thrive in, jewelweed is the...

iNaturalist → · observation

Orange bush monkeyflower spotted on a Bay Area hiking trail

If you're planting a drought-tolerant native garden in the Bay Area, this shrub's confirmed prese...

iNaturalist → · observation

Poison oak confirmed growing along a popular Bay Area hiking trail

Knowing exactly where poison oak grows along a trail you hike lets you spot its shiny three-leaf ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Arctic wildflower spotted and verified in remote Nunavut town

Every verified sighting of tough tundra plants like this one helps scientists track how Arctic ec...

iNaturalist → · observation

Silvery native shrub confirmed growing wild in Calgary

If you're gardening on the prairies, Silverberry is a nitrogen-fixing native shrub that tolerates...

iNaturalist → · observation

slender vetch (Vicia ludoviciana) observed in Austin

Slender vetch is a native wildflower that fixes nitrogen in the soil, meaning its presence in urb...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Spiky native cactus spotted and confirmed in West Texas park

If you're hiking dry, rocky trails in West Texas, this low-growing cactus hides flush with the so...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Fluffy native vine spotted thriving in Austin's wild spaces

That wispy, silver-plumed vine climbing over fences and shrubs near Austin trails is a native Tex...

iNaturalist → · observation

Hiker documents native Wyoming wildflower on mountain trail

Every logged sighting like this one helps botanists and land managers track where native wildflow...

iNaturalist → · observation

Hiker logs yellow salsify sighting in Wyoming mountains

That dandelion-lookalike with the giant fluffy seed head towering over trailside grasses is yello...

iNaturalist → · observation

Pink-flowered belladonna lily confirmed blooming in a Sonoma yard

If you've noticed a leafless stalk topped with fragrant pink trumpets popping up in late summer w...

iNaturalist → · observation

Verified black cottonwood spotted growing in British Columbia town

Black cottonwoods are one of the fastest-growing native trees in western North America, and every...

crop-improvement

AI generates fake ripening photos to train crop-scanning software

The apps and sensors that someday tell farmers exactly when to pick tomatoes or grapes need thous...

iNaturalist → · observation

Night-blooming cactus confirmed growing wild in Kailua, Hawaii

If you've ever grown a night-blooming cereus for its one-night flower show, this sighting confirm...

iNaturalist → · observation

Coastal sea hibiscus tree confirmed growing on Kauaʻi shoreline

If you're walking a Hawaiian beach and spot a tree with heart-shaped leaves and yellow flowers th...

iNaturalist → · observation

Desert wolfberry shrub confirmed growing on Tucson hiking trail

If you're hiking desert trails in the Southwest, this spiny native shrub produces small edible be...

iNaturalist → · observation

Sunny native wildflower spotted growing wild in Vancouver street

Spotting Lance-leaved Coreopsis thriving on a city street shows how well this drought-tolerant na...

citizen-science
iNaturalist → · observation

Spiny red seaweed confirmed growing on Monterey's rocky shoreline

If you tide-pool along the California coast, this spiky red seaweed is one of the easiest algae t...

iNaturalist → · observation

eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis) observed in Knoxville

Eastern redbuds are one of the first trees to bloom each spring, and tracking where and when they...

iNaturalist → · observation

Mealy Blue Sage (Salvia farinacea) observed in Austin

Mealy Blue Sage is a drought-tolerant native perennial that pollinators love, making it a smart, ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) observed in Jasper, TN 37347, USA

Red Clover growing near Jasper, TN feeds local pollinators like bumblebees and fixes nitrogen in ...

iNaturalist → · observation

flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) observed in Maryland, US

Flowering dogwood is a beloved backyard tree whose spring bloom times are shifting with warming t...

citizen-science
iNaturalist → · observation

vanilla leaf (Achlys triphylla) observed in Selma, OR, US

Vanilla leaf carpets shaded forest floors in the Pacific Northwest and its presence signals a hea...

iNaturalist → · observation

Rare clover found cracking through parking lot asphalt

Cracks in the asphalt you walk over every day can hide plants tough enough to split pavement, and...

iNaturalist → · observation

Wild sunflower confirmed growing along a Sacramento-area road

That roadside stretch of Elverta might look like scrubby edge-land, but a confirmed sunflower sig...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native wildflower confirmed on a Kananaskis mountain trail

Every verified trail sighting like this one helps land managers track where native wildflowers ac...

iNaturalist → · observation

A classic California oak confirmed growing on an Oakland street

The gnarled evergreen oak shading an Oakland sidewalk is a living remnant of the woodland that on...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native chokecherry shrub confirmed growing wild in Montana

If you're planting for birds and pollinators in the Mountain West, chokecherry is a proven native...

bioRxiv → · preprint

AI learns to predict wheat growth patterns, including plant collapse

The wheat swaying in fields near you grows in messy, unpredictable pulses depending on weather an...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native woodland lily confirmed growing in Maine forest

If you hike New England woods in spring, the star-shaped yellow flowers and later electric-blue b...

iNaturalist → · observation

Spotter confirms pokeweed thriving along a New Jersey roadside

That tall, berry-heavy plant with reddish stems popping up along fences and disturbed ground near...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native wetland wildflower confirmed growing on New Jersey trail

If you hike wet, shady trails in northern New Jersey, this tall purple-flowered native is a sign ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Fragrant native wildflower spotted thriving in West Texas town

Lemon beebalm's minty-citrus scent and long summer bloom make it a bee and butterfly magnet you c...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Native witch grass spotted growing wild in an Illinois yard

The wispy, cloud-like seed heads you might dismiss as a lawn weed belong to a native grass that w...

iNaturalist → · observation

Rare native raspberry relative spotted blooming in Watkins Glen gorge

If you hike the Finger Lakes gorges, this is the shrub with big purple flowers and fuzzy stems th...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native red-berried elder confirmed growing wild in Halifax

If you're walking a trail edge or woodland margin in Nova Scotia this time of year, this is the s...

iNaturalist → · observation

Spotted in Texas: a tough native wildflower bees love

If you're planning a drought-tolerant native bed, this coneflower's confirmed presence in Central...

iNaturalist → · observation

Rare Aleutian wildflower spotted at remote Alaska air station

Spotting this delicate white-flowered plant thriving on a windswept military outpost shows how ci...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native thimbleberry spotted thriving on a Seattle street

If you're walking a Pacific Northwest neighborhood in summer, those big velvety leaves and raspbe...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native Pacific Northwest shrub spotted thriving in New Westminster

Osoberry flowers before almost anything else in the Pacific Northwest, so if you've got one in yo...

iNaturalist → · observation

Common weedy geranium confirmed growing in New Westminster park

If you garden or walk trails in the Pacific Northwest, this reddish-stemmed little geranium poppi...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native onion with drooping pink flowers confirmed growing in Coupeville

Nodding onion is a native pollinator magnet with edible bulbs, so spotting one growing wild is a ...

iNaturalist → · observation

Pineapple-weed confirmed growing along an Anchorage street

That scruffy, low plant popping up in sidewalk cracks and gravel patches near you might be pineap...

iNaturalist → · observation

Prickly invasive thistle confirmed growing on Washington's coast

If you're weeding a garden or hiking trail near the Olympic Peninsula, this is the same aggressiv...

iNaturalist → · observation

Native five-leaved vine confirmed growing wild in Knoxville

That five-leaflet vine climbing the fence at your local park or trailhead is probably Virginia cr...

iNaturalist → · observation

Bright native wildflower spotted growing wild in Ontario yard

If you're trying to fill a sunny, dry patch of garden with something pollinators love and deer te...

iNaturalist → · observation

A Scandinavian tree turns up growing in downtown Toronto

Street trees you walk past every day often aren't native at all, and citizen naturalists tracking...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Native mountain holly confirmed growing wild in Ontario provincial park

If you hike Ontario's Highlands East region, this confirms a native wetland shrub with berries th...

iNaturalist → · observation

Spotted in Niagara: a native plant that predicts rain and soothes p...

Jewelweed's translucent orange flowers and seed pods that explode at a touch make it one of the e...

iNaturalist → · observation

Allergy-causing ragweed spotted growing wild in Niagara Falls

If you sneeze every August, the patch of scraggly green weeds along your local roadside might be ...

urban-ecology

Robot navigation system stays accurate through orchards in every season

Orchard growers eyeing autonomous equipment for spraying, mowing, or harvest scouting need robots...

iNaturalist → · observation

Pungent native wildflower confirmed blooming in Mount Hamilton hills

If you hike or garden in California's inner coast ranges, Vinegar Weed's sharp, vinegary scent an...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Native wetland wildflower spotted thriving in rural Alberta ditch

Roadside ditches and low-lying wet patches on rural properties often host native wetland plants l...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Native mint spotted growing wild in rural Alberta roadside

If you're planting a pollinator patch or foraging edge habitats, Canada mint is a native perennia...

iNaturalist → · observation

Verified sighting maps where great burnet grows in Alaska

Every confirmed sighting like this one helps botanists track where great burnet actually grows ve...

native-plants
iNaturalist → · observation

Carnivorous underwater plant confirmed growing in Alberta wetland

Any pond or slow-moving ditch you pass on a walk could be hiding a plant that traps and digests t...

iNaturalist → · observation

Coulter's matilija poppy (Romneya coulteri) observed in 8th Street ...

Tracking where native California wildflowers like matilija poppy are growing helps gardeners, con...

iNaturalist → · observation

fringe cups (Tellima grandiflora) observed in SW Country Club Pl, C...

Verified citizen science sightings of native plants like fringe cups help conservationists and ga...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Individual movements drive community-level space and resource use a...

The grasses and wildflowers in Yellowstone's meadows are shaped not just by climate but by whethe...

iNaturalist → · observation

red deadnettle (Lamium purpureum) observed in Lewisburg

Red deadnettle is one of the earliest spring bloomers to appear in gardens and lawns, meaning its...

iNaturalist → · observation

white clover (Trifolium repens) observed in Avondale Estates, GA, USA

White clover fixes nitrogen from the air directly into your lawn or garden soil, acting as a free...

iNaturalist → · observation

Common sidewalk weed confirmed growing in Glendale neighborhood

That wiry little weed spreading flat across your driveway cracks and garden beds has a name and a...

iNaturalist → · observation

Loblolly pine spotted and confirmed on an Atlanta street

Every verified sighting like this helps build a real-time map of which trees grow where in your c...

plant-biophysics

Heat, not light, may be what actually drives plant growth

Every seed you bury in dark soil or every houseplant that keeps growing after sunset is quietly m...

plant-signaling

New theory says heat, not light, drives plant growth

It's a reminder that the seeds sprouting in your dark potting soil and the plants growing quietly...

iNaturalist → · observation

carpet bugle (Ajuga reptans) observed in New Burlington, OH, USA

Carpet bugle can quietly take over garden beds and spread into nearby lawns or natural areas, so ...

urban-ecology

IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON MOSQUITO POPULATION DYNAMICS AND...

Standing water in your garden — a clogged gutter, a forgotten pot saucer, or a low spot after hea...

iNaturalist → · observation

Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) observed in Hattiesburg, MS, USA

Tracking where snapdragons naturalize or persist outside gardens helps gardeners in the South und...

iNaturalist → · observation

Quaking aspen confirmed growing in a Utah mountain town

If you're hiking or gardening near Bear Lake, this confirms the shimmering, coin-shaped leaves yo...

soil-health
PubMed → · research article

Gut microbiome diversity across seasons and locations in thai capti...

Elephants in Thailand's forests and parks shape the landscape by dispersing seeds through their d...

iNaturalist → · observation

Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) observed in Hilham

Tracking where Virginia creeper grows helps gardeners and land managers understand its spread — i...

iNaturalist → · observation

Confirmed coconut palm spotted along a Kona street

Next time you walk a tropical coastline, this kind of everyday sighting shows how anyone with a p...

iNaturalist → · observation

Lawn daisy (Bellis perennis) observed in Stonehenge Rd, Weston, CT, US

Lawn daisies popping up in Connecticut lawns signal how deeply this European wildflower has woven...

iNaturalist → · observation

coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) observed in Oʻahu, Kailua, HI, US

Coconut palms lining Hawaiian beaches aren't native — tracking where they grow and thrive helps g...

iNaturalist → · observation

box elder (Acer negundo) observed in Bentonville, AR, USA

Citizen science observations like this help track where box elder is spreading or persisting in u...

climate-adaptation
PubMed → · research article

Arctic falcons and their chicks struggle as summers heat up

The vegetation greenness data driving this study is the same spring green-up signal gardeners tra...

phenology
PubMed → · research article

Foraging benefits of winning intergroup encounters in colobus monkeys.

The fruiting and flushing cycles of trees in West African forests are so ecologically valuable th...

invasive-species
PubMed → · research article

Characterizing the annual cycle of steroid hormones in males from a...

Burmese pythons in the Everglades are eating their way through the same marsh birds, mammals, and...

PubMed → · research article

Ragweed pollen exposure doesn't disrupt nasal bacteria, study finds

That ragweed patch you've been meaning to pull from the yard's edge is a seasonal trigger for mil...

What lettuce experiments in the lab teach home gardeners

Lettuce is one of the easiest crops to grow at home, and lab-style experiments with it can reveal...

urban-ecology

IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON MOSQUITO POPULATION DYNAMICS AND...

Standing water in garden containers, clogged gutters, and dense ornamental plantings create exact...

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Cabbage European hazelnut Fairy-slipper Fava Bean Field madder Great Blue Lobelia Great Mullein Greater celandine Herb Robert Holm oak Indian tulip tree Interrupted Fern Kelp Kiwi Lance-leaved Coreopsis Linden Liverworts Maidenhair Spleenwort Mock Strawberry Mugwort Multiflora Rose Netted Pawpaw orange bush monkeyflower eco Orchid tree Pacific poison oak Pacific trillium Partridge Pea Pearly everlasting Pedunculate oak Peppervine Persian silk tree Red-berried elder eco Red Columbine Red Deadnettle Red-flowering Currant Red Osier Dogwood Rubber Rabbitbrush Sea Grape Sessile oak Siberian squill Silver Birch Small Balsam Stinging Nettle Sweet Woodruff Tamarind Thimbleberry Touch-Me-Not Twinberry Honeysuckle Upright Prairie Coneflower Virginia bluebells Virginia strawberry Wall Barley western sword fern White Baneberry Wild Phlox Wild Potato Vine Wild radish Yaupon Holly Allegheny monkeyflower Alpine rock cress American basketflower American beech American bladdernut American groundnut American hophornbeam American sweetgum Anisocoma acaulis eco Aristida riparia Arrowleaf Balsamroot eco Asian Fumewort Asteraceae Asters Azure Bluet Ballmoss Banksia attenuata Bauhinia Beavertail Pricklypear Belladonna Lily Berchemia Berlandier's wolfberry Bifid Hemp-nettle bigleaf maple Bilberry eco Black Ash Black locust eco Black Pine eco black raspberry Blackroot Bloody cranesbill Blue Dicks Blue elder eco Blue Vervain boreal conifers Branched Pencil Cholla eco Brazos rain-lily Bristle Thistle Brittlebush eco Broadleaf Sea Lettuce Bromeliad bryophytes eco Buriti palm Burning nettle eco Buttonbush eco C3 grasses eco C4 grasses eco Calla Lily Camphor Camphor Tree Canada mayflower Canada mint Cardinal flower Carob Carolina rose Carolina snailseed Carolina Vetch Cascade Oregon-grape Celandine Poppy Century Plant Chardonnay Chestnut Chinese Ixora Chinese Peony Chinese pine Chinese Sour Cherry eco Chinese weeping cypress Chinkapin Chinkapin Oak Christmas fern Chrysanthemums Cinnamon fern Clasping Coneflower Clasping Milkweed common beargrass eco Common bladderwort Common Bracken Common Buckthorn Common Columbine Common Daisy common evening-primrose Common Hawthorn Common Juniper Common Pawpaw Conifer eco Connarus suberosus Coral Honeysuckle Cornflower Coulter's matilija poppy Cowberry Crape Myrtle Creeping Jenny Creeping Juniper Crimson Clover eco crispleaf roughmoss eco Curcuma caulina Curlyheads eco Cut-Leaved Ragwort eco Daisies eco Davilla elliptica eco Diospyros lasiocalyx Downy Birch Dwarf birch Dwarf pawpaw Entireleaf Mountain-Avens European black pine European holly European hop-hornbeam European Hornbeam Famine weed felt paintbrush Fern Ficus auriculata eco Ficus oligodon Field Horsetail Field Maple Field Peppergrass Field Poppy Fir Flat-top white aster Florida Hedgenettle Florida Indian Plantain Flowering-rush Fluttering Elm eco Four O'Clock Foxtail Barley fringe cups Garden Phlox Gnetales Golden Alexanders Great burnet Green Dragon Green False Hellebore Green tea plant Guava Haloxylon salicornicum hazelnut Heath speedwell Hedge Woundwort Henbit deadnettle Henderson's shooting star Himalayan Balsam Hornbeam eco Horse Crippler Cactus eco Intermediate Bellflower Italian cypress eco Ivy Leaf Morning Glory Japanese Honeysuckle eco Japanese plum eco Jewelflowers Jungle Flame (Ixora coccinea) juniper haircap moss Katsura Larch Lawn daisy Lemon Beebalm lesser periwinkle licorice fern Lilac chaste tree Lily Magnolia Linum suffruticosum Linum tenue Lippia alba Little Sweet Betsy Littleleaf Linden Loblolly Pine London Plane London plane tree eco Loudetiopsis chrysothrix Lowbush blueberry Manna ash Mapleleaf Viburnum Marginal Wood Fern Marsh Calla marsh grass-of-Parnassus Marsh Labrador tea Marvel of Peru Mealy Blue Sage Melastomes Mexican Giant Hyssop Mile-a-minute weed eco milo Mimosa Morinda royoc eco Mountain holly mountain laurel Mouse Barley Mouse-ear chickweed Murici (Byrsonima pachyphylla) Muscadine Musk Fern Mustard family (Brassicaceae) Narcissus Narrowleaf cow wheat Neptune Grass Nevin's Brickellbush New Jersey tea Nierembergia rivularis Night-blooming Cereus Nodding onion Nodding Trillium Northern Bedstraw eco Northern Comandra Northern Spicebush Norway Maple Nuttall's Thistle Oakleaf fleabane eco Old Man's Beard Clematis Opuntia basilaris Orange Hawkweed Ornamental Cherry Oryza nivara eco Oryza rhizomatis eco Osmundaceae ferns Pacific Bleeding Heart Paperwhite Narcissus Parthenium hysterophorus Pawpaw Perez's sea lavender Phlox Phragmites australis phytoplankton eco Pigeonberry Pinaceae Pineapple-weed Pinot noir Pinxter Flower Pitcher Plant Plum eco Prairie Woundwort Prickly Cucumber Prunus (stone fruit trees) eco Purple Corydalis Purple false brome (Brachypodium distachyon) Purple-flowered raspberry eco Purple Phacelia Quaking aspen Ragweed eco Raphia laurentii (Congo swamp palm) rattan vine eco Rayless False Goldenaster Red Huckleberry Redstem Stork's-bill Ribwort Plantain Richardson's geranium River Oats Riverbank Lupine eco Rock Cress Rose Clover Rose-pink Rosepink Roughleaf Dogwood Roundleaf Greenbrier eco Royal fern Rubiaceae shrub Sabatia Sassafras Saucer Magnolia eco savanna shrubs Scale Bud Scarlet Beebalm Sea hibiscus Sensitive Fern Sensitive Pea Sensitive Plant Shepherd's Purse Showy Aster eco Showy Corydalis Showy milkweed eco Siberian alder eco Siberian Corydalis Sideoats Grama Silver Bush Lupine Silverberry Sleeping Plant Slender Vetch Snapdragon Snapdragon (Antirrhinum vexillocalyculatum) Sour Cherry Spanish Fir eco Spiny Turkish towel seaweed Spiral Ginger Spotted Joe-Pye weed Spotted spurge Spreading dogbane eco Standish's Honeysuckle Stiff Dogwood stinknet Stone fruit Strawberry bush sugarstick Sulphur Cinquefoil Sunflowers eco supplejack Swedish Whitebeam Sweet alyssum Sweet Four o'Clock Sweet scabious Sweetbay Magnolia Tall Fescue eco Tall Goldenrod Tall Meadow-rue Tamarack Texas Persimmon eco Trachypogon spicatus Tree Peony Tuckeroo Turkey mullein Twoleaf Miterwort eco Vanilla leaf Vellozia (canela-de-ema) Vinegar Weed violet woodsorrel Virginia sweetspire Vitis rotundifolia Wachendorfia Walkingstick cactus eco Water parsnip Western Joshua Tree Western poison ivy White Globe Lily White Oak eco White snakeroot eco White twisted-stalk Whitemouth Dayflower Wild Cherry Wild flax eco wild ginger Wild Senna Windflower eco witch grass Witch Hazel Wood cranesbill eco Woodland Phlox Woodland Stonecrop woolly clover Yellow Glandweed Yellow Salsify