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polyploidy

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Polyploidy is a condition in which an organism's cells contain more than two complete sets of chromosomes, arising through whole-genome duplication events. It is especially prevalent in plants, where it has long been recognized as a major driver of evolution, speciation, and adaptation. Many crop plants and wild species are polyploid, making the study of polyploidy central to understanding plant diversity, genome evolution, and the development of agriculturally important traits.

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