Researchers identified nine genes in tea plants that control leaf shape and development, finding that activating one gene (CsGIF5) produces more elongated leaves — a discovery that could guide breeding of tea cultivars with targeted leaf characteristics affecting harvest and flavor.
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Nine GIF genes were identified in tea plants distributed across four chromosomes, including two pairs that arose from gene duplication — suggesting the family expanded specifically within tea.
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CsGIF3 was consistently upregulated under both drought (PEG-simulated) and salt (NaCl) stress across tissues, implicating it in abiotic stress tolerance.
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Overexpressing CsGIF5 in Arabidopsis produced measurably more elongated leaves and altered developmental timing, while CsGIF1 overexpression had no significant effect on leaf shape.
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