CITRUS DISEASES: ETIOLOGY, SYMPTOMS AND INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT APPROACHES
Crop Improvement
If you grow citrus in a pot on your patio or have a lemon tree in the backyard, knowing what a bacterial canker lesion or a yellowing phytoplasma infection looks like early can mean the difference between a thriving tree and losing it entirely.
Citrus trees — including oranges, limes, and mandarins — are attacked by a wide range of disease-causing organisms, from molds and bacteria to viruses. These diseases can devastate harvests and ruin fruit quality. This article maps out what causes each disease, what it looks like on the tree, and how growers can fight back using a combination of methods rather than relying on a single fix.
Key Findings
Citrus diseases are caused by multiple pathogen types — fungi, bacteria, viruses, and phytoplasmas — each requiring different management strategies.
India is a major global citrus producer, with key species including Nagpur mandarin, sweet orange, and acid lime concentrated in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, and Chhattisgarh.
Effective disease control requires integrated management combining knowledge of etiology, epidemiology, and multiple intervention approaches rather than single-method solutions.
chevron_right Technical Summary
Citrus crops worldwide face serious threats from fungal, bacterial, viral, and phytoplasma diseases that cause major yield and quality losses. This review covers the causes, symptoms, and integrated management strategies for these diseases, with a focus on India's major citrus-growing regions.
Abstract Preview
Introduction: Citrus, belonging to the family Rutaceae, is one of the most important fruit crops globally, valued for its refreshing taste, high vitamin C content, and economic significance. India ...
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