PubMed · 2026-05-27
A study of 208 farmers in coastal Odisha, India found that integrated farming systems—combining crops, livestock, fish, and trees on the same land—are shaped by five key socio-economic factors. Farmers who adopted these diversified systems showed greater resilience to climate swings and more stable incomes than those relying on single crops.
208 farmers across 3 coastal Odisha districts were surveyed (2020–2023); five socio-economic components explained 86.67% of the variance in farming system choices.
Probit regression identified education, land holding size, and market access as primary determinants of integrated farming system adoption.
Integrated farming systems improved resource-use efficiency and income diversification compared to single-commodity farming under climate variability.