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Larval deltamethrin exposure causes severe cross-stage carryover toxicity and male reproductive failure in Osmia cornifrons.
PubMed · 2026-06-17
A pesticide sprayed on orchards leaves lasting damage in mason bees even when larvae are exposed to trace amounts — reducing sperm count, viability, and female survival, and making adult bees more vulnerable rather than tolerant when re-exposed.
1
Larval exposure to 10 ppm deltamethrin caused over 50% mortality before adulthood in Osmia cornifrons mason bees.
2
Even the lowest dose tested (0.001 ppm, far below typical field concentrations) caused significant reductions in male sperm abundance and viability that persisted into adulthood.
3
Female emergence declined at all exposure levels, skewing sex ratios increasingly male — a signal of population-level risk since females drive reproduction.