Combining biochar and silicon fertilizer in rice paddies improved crop nutrition and significantly reduced antibiotic resistance genes in the soil, offering a practical dual-benefit soil amendment strategy for safer food production.
1
The combined biochar and silicon treatment produced the lowest abundance of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements among all four tested treatments.
2
Co-application increased soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus, while promoting translocation of silicon and potassium into rice leaves and altering nitrogen and phosphorus distribution within the plant.
3
The treatment reshaped the bacterial community, reducing key genera (Dinghuibacter and Roseomonas) linked to antibiotic resistance gene spread and nutrient cycling disruption.
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