Nutrition-metabolism in plant science encompasses how plants acquire, process, and utilize essential nutrients—such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and micronutrients—to drive core biochemical pathways. Understanding these processes is critical for plant biology because nutrient availability directly regulates growth, development, and stress responses at the cellular and whole-organism level. Insights into plant nutritional metabolism underpin efforts to improve crop yields, enhance nutritional quality, and develop more resource-efficient agricultural systems.
This study reviewed clinical trials to understand how eating more protein—or choosing animal versus plant protein—changes the body's chemical signals and heart disease risk. It found that protein source matters more than quantity for certain metabolic markers.
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Plant protein consumption produced distinct metabolomic profiles compared to animal protein, with differences in branched-chain amino acids and lipid-related metabolites linked to cardiometabolic risk.
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Higher protein intake overall altered circulating metabolites associated with insulin sensitivity and cholesterol metabolism, though effects varied by protein source.
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The systematic review and meta-analysis used MetaboAnalyst 6.0 to synthesize metabolomic data across randomized controlled trials, providing a structured framework for comparing protein-type effects on heart health markers.
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