A review of 359 studies from 1998 to 2025 maps how scientists are increasingly turning to plants and microbes, instead of harsh chemical treatments, to clean up toxic dye and heavy metal pollution from textile factories. Research in this field is growing fast and is expected to keep climbing until around 2029.
1
Analysis covered 359 publications from 1998 to 2025 with an annual growth rate of 13.83%, and nearly half of all output has been published since 2020.
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Bibliometric life-cycle modeling projects the field will keep expanding, with peak research output expected around 2029.
3
Research focus is shifting from single-dye decolorization studies toward microbial consortia, phytoremediation, and combined multi-contaminant remediation strategies.
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