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controlled-environment-agriculture

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Controlled-environment agriculture (CEA) encompasses crop production in greenhouses, indoor farms, and vertical farming systems that use horticulture and engineering techniques to manage light, temperature, humidity, and nutrients with precision. By decoupling plant growth from outdoor conditions, CEA enables researchers to isolate and study specific environmental variables and their effects on plant physiology, development, and yield. This level of experimental control accelerates discoveries in areas like photoperiodism, stress responses, and nutrient uptake that are difficult to study reliably in field settings.

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