PubMed · 2026-06-25
Researchers discovered a bacterium living inside a cow's stomach that produces natural antifungal compounds capable of killing a wide range of fungal crop diseases. This strain, found in an unexpected animal source rather than soil, could become a new biological tool for protecting plants without synthetic fungicides.
The bacterium's genome is 5.55 million base pairs long and contains 13 gene clusters for producing bioactive compounds, including two confirmed antifungal molecules (fusaricidin A and B) validated by chemical analysis.
CACC1094 showed broad antifungal activity in lab tests against multiple plant-pathogenic fungi and oomycetes (the mold-like organisms that cause diseases like late blight), as well as clinically relevant yeast and fungal pathogens.
The strain was isolated from bovine rumen — an unusual non-soil environment — and its genome also carries a complete CRISPR-Cas immune system, suggesting it evolved robust defenses in the competitive microbial world inside a cow's gut.